What does "claim filed with the government" means?

The government was likely a guarantor of the loan.

I agree with Mr. Bollinger, that it probably means that a guarantee agency affiliated with some government (such as U.S. Department of Education or a state) guaranteed this loan. Your private lender has now filed a claim with that agency, because the lender has not been paid in a sufficient number of months or years, under the terms of the guarantee agreement for loans deemed uncollectible. Robert Stempler (please see DISCLAIMER below) www.StopCollectionLawsuits.com www.facebook.com/SoCalConsumerLawyer Twitter: @RStempler