Can I receive this inheritance while on government assistance?

Getting $10,000 cash will make you ineligible for SSI. You will need to spend it down to get your benefits turned "back on." Moreover, unless that trust is a specific kind of Special Needs Trust, that may make you ineligible as well.

The $10,000 lump sum payment would definitely put you out of SSI eligibility, and will likely affect your other government assistance as well, as they are all income/asset dependent. The previous attorney is correct in that once you spend down that lump sum payment you should be able to get your SSI restarted. I wish you all the best!

More facts are needed regarding the trust. I highly recommend you have an attorney review the trust to determine if the principal and/or monthly distributions would negatively impact your SSI eligibility. The $10,000 inheritance would disqualify you for SSI as it is more than the allowed $2,000 countable resource limit for a single individual. As my colleague already discussed, there are spenddowns that could be used to retain eligibility.