It depends 1) on your probation officer and 2) what drug you test positive for?
PO's have discretion regarding violating their probationees. Most violations (in Wake County) I have seen are for repeated dirty tests. That doesn't mean you won't be violated for the one test, but you should definitely try for a clean test the next time to show you are serious about complying with probation.
If you are violated for testing positive for Marijuana an argument often used by defense attorneys is that you could not technically be violated on probation for a conviction of possession of marijuana since it is a class 3 misdemeanor.
If you are found to have violated the terms of your probation there are several possible outcomes: Probation is revoked and you serve your "time", probation is successfully or unsuccessfully terminated, or you continue on probation (which may be extended) and have additional conditions, ie jail weekends, curfew, or substance abuse treatment. An attorney can can speak with a probation officer and try to work something out ahead of time.