Will a misdemeanor show on my background check? Will it effect my future employment Or school?

I've never been convicted of a felonie or been arrested before so I'm not sure how this works. We were trying to get inside a club when they asked is for our ID's. We got double question to see if they were fake. I'm 24 and my license stated I'm from New Mexico which was a ligit registered drivers license. The cop threatens to take our Ids away and without hesitation cuffs me. I'm later thrown in jail without having my Miranda rights read or an explanation of why being arrested. I later find out it was for public intoxication. The arrest was held in south padre Texas during spring break so there was a quite amount of individuals arrested. I pleaded "guilty" just to get it over with before missing my flight.